[NOTICE]
▪ Pawdefender Pet Urinary Health Test Strip is designed as an auxiliary tool to help dog parents visually monitor your dog’s urinary health.
▪ Do not rely solely on test strip results for diagnosis. Always consult a professional veterinarian who uses proper diagnostic instruments for an accurate evaluation.
▪ Results may show false positives or false negatives; they are for reference only.
▪ Use these strips as part of regular health observation, not as a replacement for professional veterinary care.

[SUMMARY]
▪ This test is for monitoring purposes only and does not replace professional veterinary care.
▪ We have included urine test strips in the packaging because we genuinely care about your dog's urinary health. By testing for leukocytes, nitrites, blood, pH, and protein, you can gain a clearer understanding of your dog's urinary condition. We are confident in our formula and want you to clearly see the progress of improvement.
Please read this direction carefully before using.

[STORAGE]
▪ Store between 35°F-80°F (2℃-27℃) in a cool, dry place in order to preserve the reactivity of the reagent test pads.
▪ Keep away from direct sunlight. Do not refrigerate.
▪ Do not touch test area of reagent strips. If exposed to moisture, test pads may become compromised and may change colors which may give false positive results.
▪ The Leukocyte test pad should be white before use. When taking the strips out, check that the unused leukocyte test pad is white. If it has changed color, the strips have been compromised, discard and open a new container.
▪ For best results, use the strips within 60 days of opening.

[LIMITATION OF PROCEDURES]
▪ As with all laboratory tests, diagnostic results and treatment protocols should not be decided by any single diagnostic method.
▪ False positives or false negatives may occur for several reasons, including improper collection of urine samples, contamination, or external factors such as diet and medication.
▪ Please consult a veterinarian if you are uncertain about the results.

01. SPECIMEN COLLECTION &PREPARATION

▪ Use only a clean, dry container to collect urine.
▪ For the best results, test the urine sample within 2 hours.
▪ Please check the integrity of your strips before use.
▪ Ensure the sample is clean and free from external contaminants (such as dust or other impurities) to ensure the accuracy of the test results. See section on Storage for details.

▪ ATTENTION:
Test urine as soon as possible after collection. Bacterial growth occurs if urine is kept at room temperature for more than 2 hours, which can cause inaccurate results for pH, nitrite, and blood.

▪ TEST CONDITIONS:
Ambient temperature: 68°F–86°F (20℃-30℃)
Relative humidity ≤80%

02. TEST PROCEDURE

▪ Take one strip from the pouch and close the zipper tightly after use to prevent moisture from affecting accuracy.
▪ Dip the reagent area of the test strip into the urine sample, then remove it immediately.
▪ Wipe off any excess urine along the edge of the sample container.
▪ In a well-lit environment, hold the strip next to the color chart on the bottle label and read the results carefully within 60 seconds. Color changes appearing only at the edge of the strip or after 2 minutes have NO diagnostic significance.

▪ Color changes that appear only at the edge of the test strip, or that occur after 2 minutes, have no diagnostic significance.
▪ After completing the test procedure, compare the color of the test area on the strip with the color chart on the bottle label. The color range inside the black box on the color chart indicates the normal range. If the test area matches a color within this range, it is considered normal. Colors outside the black box indicate abnormal results, which may require further attention or consultation with a veterinarian.

[TEST ITEMS]
▪ Leukocytes: Positive leukocytes can be an indication of a urinary tract infection. This is sometimes seen in conjunction with a positive nitrite.
▪ Protein: Trace amounts of protein may normally be seen in the urine due to exercise and physical activity. Highly positive protein results could be an early indicator of kidney disease, inflammation, and other diseases such as multiple myeloma.
▪ Nitrite: A positive nitrite is an indication of bacteria in the urine. This can be due to a UTI (urinary tract infection) or it can be due to urine being left at room temperature for too long.

▪ Blood: This test is used to indicate hemoglobin and/or red blood cells in the urine. Even small increases in the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in urine can be significant, potentially caused by numerous diseases of the kidney and urinary tract (such as infections, stones, or inflammation), trauma, certain medications, or strenuous exercise. Please note that a positive result may be caused by contamination if the urine sample is exposed to blood from the pet's genital area (e.g., during the heat cycle) or from external injuries and contaminants during collection.